2007 (J. Handler and N. Norman) “From West Africa to Barbados: A Rare Pipe from a Plantation Slave Cemetery.” African Diaspora Archaeology Newsletter. September.
Discusses a distinctive short-stemmed earthenware pipe that was excavated in a plantation slave cemetery in Barbados in the early 1970s; since its excavation nothing similar has been reported from African descendant sites in British America. Archaeological and documentary evidence argue for a Gold Coast provenience sometime during the late 17th or early 18th centuries.